What is pole dance?
Pole dance combines dance with acrobatics on a vertical pole: spins, climbs, holds, inverts and floor work. Pole fitness studios teach it as strength training and artistic expression, and the sport has competitive federations with graded skill codes.
History
Pole skills have precedents in Chinese pole and Indian mallakhamb. Modern pole fitness studios spread in the 2000s, and international federations now run competitions with judged technical and artistic scores.
Basic technique
- Walks and basic spins
- Climbs and sits
- Inverts and holds (intermediate)
Music & tempo
Any music; choreography is set to the dancer's choice.
What to wear
Shorts and a top that leave skin exposed for grip.
How to get started
Beginner classes build grip and shoulder strength before inverts.
We list 116 studios that teach pole dance, or browse all dance studios by state.
Recent research
- Effects of pole dance on mental wellbeing and the sexual self-concept-a pilot randomized-controlled trial. — BMC psychology, 2023
- The risk of injuries and physiological benefits of pole dancing. — The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2020
- Clinical bacteriology in low-resource settings: today's solutions. — The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2018
- Incidence, Prevalence, and Characteristics of Injuries in Pole Dancers: A Systematic Review. — Medical problems of performing artists, 2024
- Pole Dancing-Specific Muscle Strength: Development and Reliability of a Novel Assessment Protocol. — Methods and protocols, 2024
Books about pole dance
- Femininity, Feminism and Recreational Pole Dancing by Kerry Griffiths (2015)
- The complete idiot's guide to exotic and pole dancing, illustrated by Wendy J. Reardon (2007)
- Pole dancing, empowerment and embodiment by Samantha Holland (2010)
- The Art of Pole Dancing by Peekaboo Pole Dancing Ltd. (2006)
- The song of David by Amy Harmon (2015)
- Pole dancing by Rebecca Drury (2007)
Encyclopedia summary
Pole dance combines dance and acrobatics centered around a vertical pole. This performance art form takes place not only in gentleman's clubs as a form of erotic dance, but also as a mainstream form of fitness, practiced in gyms and dedicated dance studios. Amateur and professional pole dancing competitions are held in countries around the world, and the discipline has evolved into different styles, such as pole sport, pole art, exotic pole, and pole theatre. Nowadays, while the sensual aspect of pole can still be expressed by the practitioners, especially in the exotic pole category, it is not predominant. Pole increasingly attracts not only women, but also men and children, as the sport becomes increasingly professionalized.
Pole dance requires significant muscular endurance, coordination, strength, flexibility, upper body and core stability, as well as artistry. As such, proper instruction and rigorous training are necessary to attain proficiency. Today, pole performances by exotic dancers range from basic spins and striptease in more intimate clubs to athletic moves such as climbs and body inversions in the "stage heavy" clubs of Las Vegas and Miami. Dancer Remy Redd at the King of Diamonds, for example, is famous for flipping herself upside down into a split and hanging from the ceiling. Since the mid-2000s, promoters of pole dance fitness competitions have tried to change peoples' perception of pole dance to include pole fitness as a non-sexual form of dance and acrobatics and are trying to move pole into the Olympics as pole sports.
Pole dance is regarded as a form of exercise which can be used as both an aerobic and anaerobic workout. Recognized schools and qualifications are now commonplace.
Frequently asked questions
Do you need to be strong to start pole?
No — beginner classes build strength gradually.
How many calories does pole dance burn?
About 537 calories per hour for a 155-lb (70 kg) person, based on a MET value of 7.3 from the Compendium of Physical Activities. See calories burned pole dance for every body weight.
Related styles
Contemporary Dance
Europe and the United States, mid-20th century
Dance FitnessZumba
Colombia; company founded in Miami
Last reviewed October 2026 · Editorial policy